This presentation presents research findings on optimizing nitrogen (N) management in dryland cotton using precision agriculture technologies in the southern High Plains. The N fertilizer response was found to vary with different landscape positions and weather patterns, indicating the potential to perform site-specific N management based on landscape positions. Preliminary results also showed that images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have great potential in monitoring crop N status, with the canopy chlorophyll content index (CCCI) performing consistently better at three growth stages.